<html><head></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br>On 19 Apr 2012, at 15:33 , Ananya Poddar wrote:<br><br><blockquote type="cite">... However, when I am changing it to:<br><br>Axioms: p:Delhi is a city. It is located in p:India.<br><br>Query: Where is p:Delhi located?<br><br><br><br>The error that is given is:<br><br>Query cannot be answered from axioms.<br></blockquote><br><div>Dear Ananya Poddar</div><div><br></div><div>Let's have a closer look at your axioms by submitting them to the Attempto Parsing Engine APE (<a href="http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ape/">http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ape/</a>). </div><div><br></div><div>APE generates the following paraphrase</div><div><br></div><div><div>There is a city X1.</div><div>Delhi is the city X1.</div><div>The city X1 is located in India.</div></div><div><br></div><div>indicating that your sentence "It is located in India." is interpreted as "The city is located in India.", and not as you assumed as "Delhi is located in India.".</div><div><br></div><div>Anaphoric references like "it" always refer to the textually closest preceding noun phrase, in this case to "a city". For further information please have a look at section 8 "Anaphoric References" of the document "ACE 6.6 Interpretation Rules" (<a href="http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/docs/ace_interpretationrules.html">http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/docs/ace_interpretationrules.html</a>).</div><div><br></div><div>Taking this into account, I rephrase your example and now get</div><div><br></div><div><img height="298" width="895" apple-width="yes" apple-height="yes" id="2a5fd99a-73fb-4869-a559-e0a103f60f94" src="cid:A515D193-802B-438B-9B10-BB04AA25A526@uzh.ch"></div><div><br></div><div>You may want to rephrase your example differently.</div><div><br></div><div>Best regards.</div><div><br></div><div>Norbert E. Fuchs</div><div>Department of Informatics & Institute of Computational Linguistics<br>University of Zurich<br><br><br><br></div><br></body></html>